Stepping into the embrace of Hawaiian blossoms feels like entering a realm where nature herself is the storyteller. My journey through tropical gardens on these islands has been nothing short of enchanting, each petal whispering tales of sun-soaked days and salty ocean breezes.
As a gardener, I find solace in the vibrant hues and delicate fragrances that seem to choreograph a dance with the rhythm of the Pacific. The rare and endangered species stand as resilient guardians, challenging me to understand the delicate equilibrium required to preserve their existence in the face of progress.
Native hibiscus, with its array of colors, is my perennial muse. Each blossom is not merely a flower but a living poem, an embodiment of Hawaii’s timeless elegance. Amidst the greenery, smaller plants add urgency to my work, reminding me of the fragile ecosystems we strive to protect in this paradise.
The landscapes become my canvas, where every blossom transforms into a living legend. These flowers narrate stories of ancient myths and the geological wonders that have shaped the very soil beneath my hands. As a gardener, I’m not just tending to plants; I’m part of a narrative that goes beyond mere botanical beauty.
Coastal areas reveal a different chapter, where the blooms mirror the resilience and adaptability of the islands. Bathed in sunlight and caressed by ocean breezes, these coastal treasures become living testaments to the ever-evolving story of Hawaii’s natural wonders.
Come, join me in this personal exploration of Hawaii’s floral paradise. Feel the weight of untold stories in the air, and let the vibrant hues of each blossom paint a canvas of natural wonders waiting to be discovered. As a gardener, these Hawaiian flowers aren’t just plants; they’re companions on a journey through a living, breathing storybook.
25 Hawaiian Flowers
1. Plumeria (Melia):
Hailing from the tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas, Plumeria, scientifically labeled as Plumeria spp., graces Hawaii’s vibrant landscapes. Thriving in warm climates with ample sun exposure, these fragrant blooms, also known as Melia in Hawaiian, are commonly propagated from seeds or cuttings in well-draining soil. Celebrated for its captivating fragrance, Plumeria holds special significance in adorning traditional Hawaiian leis, symbolizing love and positivity. While primarily flourishing outdoors in tropical zones, plumerias can also be nurtured in indoor containers in colder climates, allowing homes to embrace a touch of the tropics.
2. Hibiscus (Pua Aloalo):
In warm temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions worldwide, including Hawaii, the versatile Hibiscus, scientifically identified as Hibiscus spp., unfolds its beauty. Cultivated from seeds or cuttings, these blossoms flourish in well-draining soil with regular watering, benefiting from pruning for bushier growth. Quintessentially an outdoor plant in tropical and subtropical climates, Hibiscus, or Pua Aloalo in Hawaiian, prefers full sun, warm temperatures, and high humidity. Renowned as the state flower of Hawaii, the hibiscus is famous for its large, trumpet-shaped petals that symbolize beauty and unity in Hawaiian culture.
3. Bird of Paradise (Kakau Ula):
Originating from South Africa, the Bird of Paradise, scientifically known as Strelitzia reginae, has become a distinctive part of Hawaiian landscapes. Propagated through division or seeds, these exotic blooms thrive in well-draining soil with regular watering and occasional fertilization. Ideally suited for outdoor cultivation in tropical and subtropical climates, the Bird of Paradise, or Kakau Ula in Hawaiian, prefers full sun and warm temperatures. While it can be grown as a potted plant indoors in colder regions, the Bird of Paradise is particularly famous for its striking, bird-like flowers that add an exotic touch to tropical environments.
4. Orchids (Pua ʻAwapuhi):
Orchids, belonging to the family Orchidaceae with various species and hybrids like Dendrobium and Phalaenopsis, have a global distribution, including various habitats in Hawaii. These intricate blooms, typically grown from seeds or propagated through division, require a well-draining orchid mix, high humidity, regular watering, and occasional fertilization. Orchids are versatile and can be cultivated both indoors and outdoors, thriving in warm and humid environments. Famed for their diverse and captivating blooms, orchids symbolize love, beauty, and strength in Hawaiian culture, gracing homes and gardens with their elegant presence.
5. Tiare Flower (Kiele):
Native to the South Pacific, including Tahiti, the Tiare Flower, scientifically named Gardenia taitensis, has found its way to the tropical landscapes of Hawaii. Thriving in well-draining, acidic soil with regular watering and a balanced fertilizer, this fragrant bloom, also known as Kiele in Hawaiian, is propagated from cuttings. Well-suited for outdoor cultivation in tropical climates, it can be grown in containers indoors in colder regions. Renowned for its sweet fragrance, the Tiare Flower symbolizes purity in Hawaiian culture and is often used in the creation of perfumes and traditional oils. It holds cultural significance, adding an aromatic touch to the islands’ natural beauty.
6. Pincushion Protea:
Representing courage and diversity, the Pincushion Protea, with the scientific name Leucospermum spp., is native to South Africa and has become a cherished addition to Hawaiian gardens. Propagated from seeds, these unique blooms thrive in well-draining soil, requiring regular watering and occasional fertilization for optimal growth. Preferring full sun, the Pincushion Protea is ideally suited for outdoor cultivation in tropical and subtropical climates, adding a burst of color to the landscape. Famous for its spiky appearance and vibrant hues, this protea variety is celebrated for its resilience and striking visual appeal.
7. Blue Jade Vine (Strongylodon macrobotrys):
Adding a splash of turquoise to Hawaiian gardens, the Blue Jade Vine, scientifically known as Strongylodon macrobotrys, originates from the Philippines but has found its place in Hawaii’s tropical scenery. This climbing vine flourishes when propagated from either seeds or cuttings. It thrives in well-draining soil and necessitates consistent watering, along with the provision of a robust support structure. Preferring full sun, the Blue Jade Vine is ideally suited for outdoor cultivation in tropical climates. Famous for its cascading clusters of vibrant blue flowers, this exotic vine brings a sense of tropical extravagance to Hawaiian landscapes.
8. Kahili Ginger:
With its vibrant red or yellow flower spikes and long green leaves, Kahili Ginger (Hedychium gardnerianum) holds cultural significance in Hawaiian ceremonies and adds a tropical flair to gardens. Propagated from rhizomes, this hardy ginger plant thrives in well-draining soil with regular watering and benefits from occasional fertilization. Thriving in partial shade, Kahili Ginger proves to be an ideal choice for outdoor cultivation in tropical and subtropical climates. Renowned for its ornamental allure and cultural significance, this particular ginger variety adds a touch of exotic beauty and aromatic charm to Hawaiian landscapes.
9. Pua Kalaunu (Crown Flower):
The Pua Kalaunu, or Crown Flower (Calotropis gigantea), stands out with its star-shaped lavender flowers and is often used in lei-making. Native to tropical regions, including Hawaii, this plant is propagated from seeds or cuttings and thrives in well-draining soil with regular watering. Cultivated ideally outdoors in tropical and subtropical climates, the Crown Flower thrives under full sun, imparting a touch of nobility to Hawaiian gardens. Symbolizing both respect and elegance in the vibrant tapestry of Hawaiian culture, this flower is celebrated for its ornamental beauty and plays an integral role in lei crafting.
10. Blue Morning Glory (ʻIlima):
In many tropical regions, the Blue Morning Glory is found, and the Hawaiian variety, known as ʻIlima, holds special cultural significance. Well-suited for outdoor cultivation in tropical and subtropical climates, this vine thrives in well-draining soil with regular watering, propagated from seeds or cuttings. The Convolvulaceae family scientifically includes it, and it is often used in lei-making for royalty. Its royal associations and vibrant blue blooms make ʻIlima famous, adding a regal touch to Hawaiian landscapes. Preferring full sun, the Blue Morning Glory is propagated from seeds or cuttings, and it is well-suited for outdoor cultivation in tropical and subtropical climates.
11. ʻŌhelo Berry:
Nestled in volcanic regions, the ʻŌhelo Berry (Vaccinium reticulatum) is a small, red berry often used in traditional Hawaiian practices. Propagated through either seeds or cuttings, this plant flourishes in well-draining, acidic soil and benefits from consistent watering. Thriving in partial shade, the ʻŌhelo Berry is ideally cultivated outdoors, particularly in volcanic terrains. Renowned for its symbolic connection to protection and good fortune, this berry variety brings a distinctive charm to Hawaiian landscapes and cultural traditions.
12. Kukui:
The Kukui Blossom is associated with the Kukui nut tree (Aleurites moluccanus), the state tree of Hawaii. The tree produces small, white blossoms that contrast with its large, distinctive leaves. Propagated from seeds or seedlings, the Kukui Blossom thrives in well-draining soil with regular watering. Preferring full sun, it is well-suited for outdoor cultivation in tropical and subtropical climates. Famous for its association with the Kukui tree, which holds cultural significance in Hawaiian history, the Kukui Blossom adds natural beauty to the islands.
13. Pōhinahina (Vitex rotundifolia):
Pōhinahina, scientifically known as Vitex rotundifolia, is a coastal plant with clusters of lavender flowers, adding a splash of color to sandy shores. Native to Hawaii, this plant is propagated from seeds or cuttings and thrives in well-draining soil with regular watering. Thriving in full sun, Pōhinahina is exceptionally well-suited for outdoor cultivation in coastal regions. Renowned for its robustness and capacity to augment beachscapes, this coastal plant adds a dash of tropical allure to the shores of Hawaii.
14. Pikake (Arabian Jasmine):
The Pikake, or Arabian Jasmine (Jasminum sambac), is a small, white, intensely fragrant flower often used in lei-making. Native to Southeast Asia, including Hawaii, this plant is typically propagated from cuttings and thrives in well-draining soil with regular watering. Preferring full sun to partial shade, Pikake is well-suited for outdoor cultivation in tropical and subtropical climates. Famous for its sweet scent and association with romance, the Pikake is a beloved flower, gracing Hawaiian gardens and leis with its aromatic presence.
15. Lilikoi (Passion Flower):
Lilikoi, or the Passion Flower (Passiflora edulis), isn’t exclusive to Hawaii, but its common presence in the islands is marked by a unique and intricate blossom. Whether propagated from seeds or cuttings, this vine thrives when planted in well-draining soil and provided with regular watering. With a preference for full sun, Lilikoi is well-suited for outdoor cultivation in tropical and subtropical climates. The vines are famed for their exotic appearance and delicious fruits, imparting a tropical and flavorful touch to both Hawaiian landscapes and culinary delights.
16. Lehua:
Thriving in full sun, the ʻōhiʻa lehua tree is ideally suited for outdoor cultivation in tropical and subtropical climates. Renowned for its deep connection to Hawaiian mythology and adorned with vibrant blossoms, the Lehua Blossom bears both cultural and ecological significance, especially in volcanic landscapes. The Lehua Blossom, found on the ʻōhiʻa lehua tree (Metrosideros polymorpha), comes in various colors and is associated with Pele, the goddess of fire and volcanoes. Cultivated from either seeds or cuttings, this tree flourishes in well-draining soil with consistent watering.
17. Yellow Bamboo Orchid:
The Yellow Bamboo Orchid, scientifically known as Arundina graminifolia, graces Hawaiian landscapes with its slender stems and yellow orchid blooms. Native to Southeast Asia, including Hawaii, this orchid is propagated from rhizomes and thrives in well-draining soil with regular watering. Preferring partial shade to full sun, the Yellow Bamboo Orchid is well-suited for outdoor cultivation in tropical and subtropical climates. Famous for its elegance and the vibrant pop of yellow, this orchid adds a touch of exotic beauty to Hawaiian gardens.
18. Naupaka Kahakai:
Characterized by its distinctive half-flower, the Naupaka Kahakai is a coastal plant native to Hawaii. Scientifically known as Scaevola taccada, it is often associated with a romantic Hawaiian legend symbolizing unfulfilled love. Propagated from seeds or cuttings, this plant thrives in well-draining soil with regular watering. Known for its distinctive look and cultural importance, this coastal plant contributes to the charm of Hawaiian beaches. Thriving in full sunlight, Naupaka Kahakai is excellently suited for outdoor cultivation in coastal areas.
19. Maiapilo (Capparis sandwichiana):
The Maiapilo, or Capparis sandwichiana, is a resilient shrub with fragrant white flowers, native to the Hawaiian Islands. Known for its ability to thrive in arid and rocky landscapes, Maiapilo is often used in traditional Hawaiian medicine. Propagated from seeds or cuttings, this shrub thrives in well-draining soil with occasional watering. Preferring full sun, Maiapilo is well-suited for outdoor cultivation in a variety of climates. Famous for its medicinal uses and tenacity, Maiapilo adds both cultural and ecological value to Hawaiian landscapes.
20. ʻIlima (Sida fallax):
The ʻIlima, or Sida fallax, is a low-growing shrub with small yellow flowers, often used in lei-making. Native to Hawaii, this plant is propagated from seeds or cuttings and thrives in well-draining soil with occasional watering. Celebrated for its role in crafting intricate and delicate leis, ʻIlima holds cultural significance and is highly valued for its contribution to traditional Hawaiian craftsmanship. Flourishing under ample sunlight, ʻIlima is well-adapted for outdoor cultivation in tropical and subtropical climates.
21. Milo (Thespesia populnea):
The Milo tree, scientifically known as Thespesia populnea, is native to tropical regions, including Hawaii. With hibiscus-like yellow flowers, Milo plays a vital role in traditional Hawaiian culture and is often planted for its timber. Propagated from seeds, this tree thrives in well-draining soil with regular watering. Basking in full sunlight, Milo thrives when cultivated outdoors in tropical and subtropical climates. Celebrated for its cultural importance and the versatile nature of its wood, the Milo tree contributes a blend of beauty and functionality to Hawaiian landscapes.
22. ʻŌlena (Turmeric):
While not a traditional ornamental flower, ʻŌlena, or Turmeric (Curcuma longa), holds cultural and medicinal significance in Hawaii. Known for its bright orange rhizomes and earthy flavor, turmeric is used in cooking and traditional healing practices. Propagated from rhizomes, ʻŌlena thrives in well-draining soil with regular watering. Preferring partial shade, it is well-suited for outdoor cultivation in tropical and subtropical climates. Famous for its culinary uses and anti-inflammatory properties, ʻŌlena adds both flavor and wellness to Hawaiian gardens.
23. ʻAhinahina (Silversword):
The ʻAhinahina, or Silversword (Argyroxiphium spp.), is a unique and endangered plant native to the volcanic slopes of Hawaii. Recognized for its silver-colored leaves and striking flowering stalk, this plant plays a crucial role in the ecosystem. Propagated from seeds, ʻAhinahina thrives in well-draining volcanic soil with occasional watering. Preferring full sun, it is well-suited for outdoor cultivation in volcanic terrains. Famous for its rarity and the conservation efforts dedicated to its survival, the Silversword is a symbol of Hawaii’s unique and delicate ecosystems.
24. Hawaiian Cotton:
Hawaiian Cotton, or Pūpū Kani O Koa(Gossypium tomentosum), is a rare and endemic plant with yellow hibiscus-like flowers and cotton-like fibers. Native to Hawaii, this plant is propagated from seeds and thrives in well-draining soil with occasional watering. Preferring full sun, Pūpū Kani O Koa is well-suited for outdoor cultivation in tropical and subtropical climates. Famous for its rarity and the unique texture of its cotton, this plant adds a touch of novelty and cultural significance to Hawaiian gardens.
25. Nanu (Gardenia remyi):
Nanu, commonly known as Forest Gardenia, is a delicate and fragrant white flower native to Hawaii. Scientifically identified as Gardenia remyi, this plant is primarily propagated from cuttings. Nanu thrives in well-draining soil with regular watering, making it suitable for outdoor cultivation in tropical and subtropical climates. It prefers partial shade, making it an excellent choice for gardens with filtered sunlight. Renowned for its sweet and intoxicating fragrance, Nanu is highly valued in Hawaiian culture for its use in lei-making. The flowers, with their pristine white petals, symbolize purity and grace, making Nanu a cherished addition to the natural beauty of the Hawaiian landscape.
26. Uki Uki (Dianella sandwicensis):
Uki Uki, scientifically known as Dianella sandwicensis, is a native Hawaiian plant celebrated for its vibrant blue berries and strap-like leaves. Propagation is typically done through seeds or division. Uki Uki thrives in well-draining soil with regular watering and is well-suited for outdoor cultivation in tropical and subtropical climates. It prefers partial shade to full sun, making it adaptable to various garden conditions. The attractive blue berries of Uki Uki add ornamental value to Hawaiian landscapes, and the plant holds significance in traditional practices, contributing to the cultural tapestry of the islands.
27. Oahu Riverhemp (Sesbania tomentosa):
Oahu Riverhemp contributes to the coastal beauty of Hawaii, showcasing the adaptability and diversity of native Hawaiian flora. Scientifically known as Sesbania tomentosa, is a plant native to Hawaii and is often found in coastal areas. Propagation is commonly done through seeds. Thriving in well-draining soil with regular watering, Oahu Riverhemp is well-suited for outdoor cultivation in tropical and subtropical climates. Preferring full sun, the plant produces showy yellow flowers and has feathery foliage.
